Use Bitcoin options market structure as a directional filter — if the 30-day BTC average sits above the Max Pain price, the trend is bullish.
The Max Pain price is a concept from options markets: the strike price at which the total losses for all option holders (calls + puts combined) are maximized. In other words, it's the price at which the most options expire worthless. Options market makers and large players have a directional incentive to push the spot price toward Max Pain by expiry — at least in theory.
This strategy uses Max Pain as a directional anchor for spot Bitcoin. Specifically:
Buy signal: when the 30-day SMA of BTC closes is above the Max Pain price → market is structurally above the equilibrium — bullish bias.
Sell signal: when the 30-day SMA falls below Max Pain → market is below equilibrium — bearish bias.
The smoothed 30-day average filters out daily noise and catches sustained shifts. This is a slow strategy — typically 2–4 trades per year on BTC daily — but each signal carries directional weight from the broader options market.
Important: Max Pain is recalculated daily from Deribit options data. The platform stores daily snapshots; backtest history starts when those snapshots began (the earliest reliable date depends on the snapshot table). The strategy needs at least 30 stored snapshots before producing the first signal.
Crypto-only, BTC-only: Max Pain is computed from Deribit's BTC options market. Other assets don't have comparable options liquidity for this analysis.
| Name | Default | Range | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMA Period | 30 | 7–90 | Days for the BTC closing-price SMA. Default 30 captures a typical option-cycle window. |
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// Compute SMA of BTC closes
btc_sma_30 = SMA(btc_close, sma_period)
// Get latest Max Pain from snapshot table
max_pain = lookup_snapshot(date, 'BTC')
// Entry
if btc_sma_30 > max_pain:
if position.is_flat:
BUY
// Exit
if btc_sma_30 < max_pain:
if position.is_long:
SELLIt's contested. Academic studies are mixed — there's evidence of pin risk near major option expiries, but a structural "gravity" toward Max Pain is not universally accepted. The strategy doesn't depend on the theory being true; it depends on the *correlation* between the 30-day SMA / Max Pain relationship and BTC's directional trend, which is empirically observable.
Deribit BTC options have the deepest liquidity in crypto, making Max Pain calculations meaningful. ETH options are growing but the smaller market size makes the signal noisier. We may add ETH later if liquidity continues to grow.
Backtest history is limited to the period for which we have stored daily Max Pain snapshots. The platform started collecting these systematically; check the strategy's date range when you run a backtest — the start date will be capped to the earliest available snapshot.
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Check out our Strategy Insights Reports — pre-baked deep-dives with historical results, comparisons, and market context.